Evidence on influence. Perspective on progress.Independent · Source-linked · AI-assisted research

The evidence underneath

Open the record.

Every substantial factual claim should lead somewhere inspectable. Here are the documents behind the current collection, with notes on what they can—and cannot—establish.

  1. 1. Investigation · Fact Investigation Platform

    Three false narratives targeting the Firebird AI facility

    FIP attributes the campaigns to Storm 1516. Its reporting does not establish that the facility was halted or quantify persuasion.

    Publication: 2026-07-15 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Earthquake, electricity-system and alleged Iranian-strike sections

    Source record: fip-firebird
  2. 2. Threat-intelligence investigation · Alethea

    How state actors and AI slop are amplifying data-center revolt

    Researcher attribution and selected campaign artifacts; not a measured estimate of construction or opinion effects.

    Publication: 2026-07-09 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Storm 1516 / Armenia section and the preserved imitation-publication examples

    Source record: alethea-data-center-revolt
  3. 3. Threat-intelligence investigation · Mandiant / Google Cloud

    DRAGONBRIDGE targets rare-earth mining companies

    Documents a pro-PRC network and limited genuine engagement. It does not establish that ordinary project critics belonged to the network or that the campaign stopped a facility.

    Publication: 2022-06-28 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Lynas, Appia and USA Rare Earth sections; figures showing impersonation and calls to protest

    Source record: mandiant-rare-earths
  4. 4. Platform investigation · Google Threat Analysis Group

    Over 50,000 instances of DRAGONBRIDGE activity disrupted in 2022

    Network-wide engagement is not the measured reach of the rare-earth subcampaign.

    Publication: 2023-01-26 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Audience and engagement discussion for the broader 2022 network

    Source record: tag-dragonbridge-2022
  5. 5. Council minutes · City of Chandler

    Chandler council minutes: Price Road Innovation Campus

    An application decision, not a prohibition on every data-center use in Chandler. Appended public comments are statements by their authors.

    Publication: 2025-12-11 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Items 37–38, PLH24-0046; participant statements on pages 35–36; denial motion and vote on pages 37–38

    Source record: chandler-price-decision
  6. 6. Reported company statement · WTMJ, reporting QTS’s statement

    QTS announces withdrawal of the DeForest proposal

    Reports a company withdrawal. The January report does not establish the outcome of the later February 3 meeting.

    Publication: January 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Updated story and QTS statement; distinguishes withdrawal from the forthcoming annexation vote

    Source record: qts-deforest-withdrawal
  7. 7. Meeting reporting · AZPM

    Tucson ends work on Project Blue’s city route

    This city decision did not end the separate project in unincorporated Pima County.

    Publication: 2025-08-06 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Council vote ending city work on the proposed annexation and service route

    Source record: tucson-blue-vote
  8. 8. County enforcement announcement · Pima County

    County documents Project Blue site preparation

    Documents active site preparation, not an operating data center. A notice of violation is not a final adjudication.

    Publication: 2026-05-13 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: “County cites Project Blue contractor for air quality violation”; May 8 and 11 inspections

    Source record: pima-blue-site-work
  9. 9. Contractor response · Ames Construction, published by Pima County

    Project Blue contractor responds to the dust notice

    The contractor’s response, not proof of agency acceptance or closure of the notice.

    Publication: 2026-05-15 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Response to NOV PC2605-064 and mitigation measures

    Source record: pima-blue-response
  10. 10. Participant account of council decision · Southern Environmental Law Center

    Pittsylvania board denies the Balico rezoning application

    SELC participated in opposition. Its report establishes its account of the decision, not a quantified share of influence.

    Publication: 2025-04-15 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Board’s 6–1 rezoning denial and participants’ response

    Source record: selc-balico-denial
  11. 11. Council minutes · City of Sand Springs

    Project Spring: February 3 council minutes

    Land-use approvals do not establish completed construction, operation or the outcome of subsequent litigation.

    Publication: 2026-02-03 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Items 3–4, Ordinance 1442 / SSZ-517 / PUD-039; final votes on pages 5–6

    Source record: sand-springs-approval
  12. 12. Regulatory decision announcement · Michigan Public Service Commission

    MPSC rejects rehearing of Saline data-center contracts

    Electricity-contract approval is distinct from zoning, construction completion and the disposition of appeals.

    Publication: 2026-03-27 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: DTE / Green Chile Ventures contracts and rehearing discussion

    Source record: mpsc-saline-rehearing
  13. 13. Litigant announcement and linked brief · Michigan Attorney General

    Attorney General briefs the Saline electricity-contract appeal

    The Attorney General’s legal arguments are allegations for the court to decide; the filing is not an order stopping work.

    Publication: 2026-08-07 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Brief filed August 6 challenging conditional approval of DTE contracts

    Source record: ag-saline-appeal
  14. 14. Reporting on university announcement · Source New Mexico

    New Mexico Tech drops the Green Data proposal for now

    Reports an agreement not being extended; the university remained open to future discussions. Multiple reasons were given.

    Publication: 2026-06-02 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Campus-wide email from university president Michael Jackson and reasons given

    Source record: nmt-socorro-withdrawal
  15. 15. Meeting reporting · Mirror Indy

    Google withdraws its Franklin Township rezoning proposal

    This concerns the Franklin Township petition, not all Google construction in Indiana.

    Publication: 2025-09-22; updated 2025-09-23 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Withdrawal announcement at the September 22 City-County Council meeting

    Source record: indy-google-withdrawal
  16. 16. Meeting reporting · North Cass Herald

    Peculiar removes data centers from light-industrial permitted uses

    A reported zoning amendment affecting the proposed site. This source is not a continuously updated city code register.

    Publication: 2024-10-25 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: October 21 Board of Aldermen decision following the public hearing

    Source record: peculiar-zoning-decision
  17. 17. Industry reporting · Data Center Dynamics

    Provident withdraws the Chesterton application

    Reports the withdrawal with attribution to local reporting; does not rule out a future new application.

    Publication: 2024-06-14 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Withdrawal notified June 10; separate annexation application and council objections

    Source record: chesterton-withdrawal
  18. 18. Amended hearing notice · Fauquier County

    Catlett Project withdrawn from the Planning Commission agenda

    Establishes the application withdrawal, not the permanent disposition of the property.

    Publication: 2024-07-18 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Notice that rezoning and special-exception applications were withdrawn

    Source record: catlett-withdrawal
  19. 19. Cross-project research · Data Center Watch

    Data Center Watch: initial project case records

    Selected contested-project research. The older case record is not a live census or a current national cancellation rate.

    Publication: Research through March 2025 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Named-project entries for Tract in Goodyear and Catlett Station; distinguish later Buckeye project

    Source record: dcw-initial-projects
  20. 20. Operator announcement · Microsoft

    Microsoft completes its first Mount Pleasant facility

    Operator-reported milestone for the first facility, not completion of all planned campus phases.

    Publication: 2026-06-23 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Completion of the first datacenter facility and equipment startup

    Source record: microsoft-mount-pleasant-complete
  21. 21. Operator update · Meta

    Meta identifies four AI data centers under construction

    Company-reported construction status. Planned capacity and employment are not realized output or verified benefits.

    Publication: 2026-04-28; updated 2026-08-04 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: “Meta’s Data Centers”: Richland Parish, Lebanon, El Paso and Tulsa

    Source record: meta-construction-update
  22. 22. Operator announcement · Meta

    Meta breaks ground in Lebanon, Indiana

    Groundbreaking is not operation; forecasts are commitments rather than measured results.

    Publication: 2026-02-11 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Groundbreaking announcement; campus and planned capacity

    Source record: meta-lebanon-groundbreaking
  23. 23. Regulator status page · Minnesota Public Utilities Commission

    Minnesota PUC review of Xcel and Echo Zone’s agreement

    Regulator page still lists the agreement for review and the September 8 comment date. That date is not a decision. Separate transmission docket 26-135 has its own notice.

    Publication: Checked 2026-09-09 · Checked: 2026-09-09
    Location in source: Docket 26-170: agreement filed April 14; public comment through September 8, 2026

    Source record: minnesota-pine-island-review
  24. 24. Research tracker — public summary · Data Center Watch / 10a Labs

    Q1 2026: reported data-center project disruptions

    Counts blocked and delayed projects together. Proposed investment is not realized loss. The public summary is not a census of every US proposal.

    Publication: January–March 2026 coverage · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Key Takeaway 1; research timeline

    Source record: dcw-q1-2026
  25. 25. Research tracker — public summary · Data Center Watch / 10a Labs

    Q2 2025: outcomes among tracked protested projects

    The percentage refers to a selected protested-project set, not all proposed data centers. The full commercial report was not purchased.

    Publication: Late March–June 2025 coverage · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Key Takeaways 1 and 3: 20 disrupted projects; 30 protested projects; reported 66% share

    Source record: dcw-q2-2025
  26. 26. Applicant correspondence · HMC StratCap / DigiCo, filed with Monterey Park

    1977 Saturn Street: applicant's withdrawal letter

    The applicant states its own reason for withdrawal. This establishes the application outcome, not every motive behind the city's restrictions.

    Publication: 2026-03-31 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Single-page letter, paragraphs 2–4

    Source record: monterey-withdrawal
  27. 27. Adopted ordinance · City of Monterey Park

    Monterey Park Ordinance 2278: data-center prohibition

    The text distinguishes prohibited data-center uses from permitted subordinate accessory server rooms. It is an enacted zoning record, not the later ballot tally.

    Publication: 2026-05-06 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Sections 5–11; adoption and vote on PDF pages 9–10

    Source record: monterey-ordinance-2278
  28. 28. Current municipal explanation · City of Monterey Park

    City confirmation of the voter-adopted data-center ban

    Used only to confirm the existing ban, not to support or oppose the separate November housing measure. The page is not a certified election-results table.

    Publication: 2026 housing-ballot information · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Key Facts: Data Center Ban Affirmed; FAQ 3

    Source record: monterey-ban-confirmation
  29. 29. Campaign disclosure register · Monterey Park City Clerk

    Yes on Measure NDC: campaign filing register

    Establishes a disclosed ballot-measure committee and available filings. No aggregate spending or donor-direction claim is inferred from the register.

    Publication: March–June 2026 filings · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Statement of organization, contribution reports and Form 460 entries

    Source record: monterey-ndc-filings
  30. 30. Official council recap · City of San Marcos

    San Marcos council: plan amendment denied, zoning item not heard

    The denial is of a required plan amendment for one tract. The accompanying zoning item was not heard; this was not a citywide data-center ban.

    Publication: 2026-02-17 meeting · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Items 8 and 9: Preferred Scenario Map amendment and ZC-25-13

    Source record: san-marcos-february-decision
  31. 31. First-party organizing bulletin · Save Our Springs Alliance

    Save Our Springs: organizing before the San Marcos data-center hearing

    Documents the organization's stated activities and concerns. Its environmental claims and predicted future meeting schedule are not independently established by this bulletin.

    Publication: 2026-02-11 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Data-center town hall; Other Ways to Join the Fight; What Happens Next

    Source record: sos-february-organizing
  32. 32. Reported hearing coverage · KUT 90.5 / Leigh Walden

    San Marcos hearing and land-use vote

    On-the-scene reporting supplies hearing context; the official city recap establishes the exact action taken.

    Publication: 2026-02-18 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening account of the vote, turnout and public comments

    Source record: kut-san-marcos-hearing
  33. 33. Court opinion · Court of Appeals of Virginia

    Virginia Court of Appeals: Digital Gateway rezoning and notice decision

    A dated appeals-court decision, not a statement that all litigation has ended. Page 53 allows further appeal while keeping land disturbance and construction prohibited under the order.

    Publication: 2026-03-31 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF pages 1–4: parties; pages 26–34: notice; pages 51–53: disposition and partial stay

    Source record: digital-gateway-appeal
  34. 34. Participant account · Piedmont Environmental Council / Julie Bolthouse

    PEC describes its opposition and court filing in Digital Gateway

    PEC opposed the project. Used for its stated participation and concerns; the court opinion, not the advocacy account, establishes the legal result.

    Publication: 2026-04-07 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening timeline; Why PEC Fought This Project

    Source record: pec-digital-gateway-response
  35. 35. Platform investigation · OpenAI

    Tech and Tariffs: an influence operation and ChatGPT reputation attacks

    OpenAI is both investigator and the company targeted. The China-origin assessment remains qualified, and it did not observe its models generating the alleged victims' posts.

    Publication: 2026-06-01 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Actor; Behavior; Platform operations (linked-account examples); Impact

    Source record: openai-tech-tariffs
  36. 36. Political organization statement · Leading the Future

    Leading the Future: mission and political objectives

    The organization's account of its own goals, not evidence that its preferred candidates or policies prevailed.

    Publication: Current mission page · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Mission statement and political-advertising disclaimer

    Source record: ltf-mission
  37. 37. Campaign finance record · Federal Election Commission

    Leading the Future: FEC committee financial summary, C00916114

    A snapshot of one committee's reported finances, subject to later filings or amendments. Receipts are not ad spending; adding related committees can double-count transfers.

    Publication: Coverage: August 15, 2025–June 30, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Financial summary, coverage through June 30, 2026: receipts $75,788,224.10; disbursements $44,755,780.65; contributions to other committees $40,000,000; ending cash $31,032,443.45.

    Source record: fec-ltf-overview
  38. 38. Itemized campaign finance filing · Federal Election Commission · committee filing

    Leading the Future: January 30, 2026 year-end filing

    The historical filing lists two individual contributions of $12.5 million. The employer field does not make an individual's contribution a corporate donation.

    Publication: 2026-01-30 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF page 6, Schedule A: Greg Brockman and Anna Brockman; September 12, 2025 receipts

    Source record: fec-ltf-2025-filing
  39. 39. Political advertising announcement · Leading the Future · distributed by PR Newswire

    Leading the Future announces associated PACs' first Texas and New York ads

    A first-party announcement distributed by a newswire, not independent reporting. It establishes the announced ads and stated message, not measured audience reach or persuasion.

    Publication: 2025-12-10 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening announcement; American Mission and Think Big paragraphs; links to Texas-10 and New York-12 ads

    Source record: ltf-first-ads
  40. 40. Corporate advocacy-funding announcement · Anthropic

    Anthropic announces $20 million for Public First Action

    A donor's announcement of funding and objectives, not an independently audited spending report. Read with the July statement clarifying restrictions on both donations.

    Publication: 2026-02-12 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Donation announcement and stated AI-policy priorities

    Source record: anthropic-pfa-february
  41. 41. Corporate advocacy-funding announcement · Anthropic

    Anthropic announces a second Public First Action donation and funding restrictions

    Anthropic explicitly excludes using these donations to influence federal, state or local candidate elections. The announced $40 million is not a candidate-election advertising budget.

    Publication: 2026-07-21 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Additional $20 million announcement; paragraph restricting both donations to policy and public education

    Source record: anthropic-pfa-july
  42. 42. Public advocacy platform · Public First Action

    Public First Action: mission and AI-policy priorities

    The recipient's self-described platform. Links to associated political committees do not establish that restricted Anthropic donations fund their election activity.

    Publication: Current mission and policy page · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: About Public First; policy priorities on state legislation and federal preemption

    Source record: public-first-mission
  43. 43. Legislative advocacy announcement · Office of Senator Bernie Sanders

    Sanders and Ocasio-Cortez announce the AI Data Center Moratorium Act

    Records the sponsors' proposal and arguments. Predictions quoted by advocates are not independently demonstrated outcomes.

    Publication: 2026-03-25 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Announcement and sponsors' stated reasons: safety, workers, utility costs and communities

    Source record: sanders-moratorium-announcement
  44. 44. Proposed legislative text · Office of Senator Bernie Sanders

    Artificial Intelligence Data Center Moratorium Act: published Senate proposal

    This is the published proposal, not an enacted-law or legislative-status record. Its definition covers AI use at scale or specified power-and-hardware criteria; it is not a blanket ban on every data center.

    Publication: Released with March 25, 2026 announcement · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF pages 7–8: section 3(a), covered facilities; pages 8–10: section 3(b), pause and conditions for ending it

    Source record: sanders-moratorium-text
  45. 45. Legislative introduction announcement · Office of Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez

    Ocasio-Cortez introduces the House version of the AI Data Center Moratorium Act

    Establishes the House introduction, not passage or enactment. The vignette's detailed mechanism is attributed specifically to the separately linked Senate proposal.

    Publication: 2026-06-24 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Dated announcement of House introduction and identification of the Senate companion

    Source record: aoc-moratorium-introduction
  46. 46. Public advocacy commentary · Build American AI · Jay Burstein

    Build American AI's response to the proposed data-center moratorium

    An advocacy organization's argument against the proposal, not an independent estimate of its economic effects.

    Publication: 2026-04-01 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Arguments on construction jobs, computing costs, access and competition with China

    Source record: baai-moratorium-response
  47. 47. Platform disclosure · X · Global Government Affairs

    X's disclosure of suspected Chinese influence activity

    An original statement of X's findings. The underlying account dataset and attribution telemetry were not available in the retrieved post.

    Publication: August 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Original post body

    Source record: x-august-disclosure
  48. 48. Platform investigation · OpenAI

    Data Center Bandwagon: US-targeted influence activity

    OpenAI describes activity it investigated on its services. Attribution language remains qualified; this is not independent reproduction of its investigation.

    Publication: June 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Actor; Behavior: newspaper-based content and work reports; Platform operations: examples of posts and edited images

    Source record: openai-bandwagon
  49. 49. Platform disclosure · OpenAI

    PRC-linked influence operations are targeting AI debates in the US

    The overview explicitly limits evidence of spread beyond the operation. It is related reporting from the same publisher, not an independent second investigation.

    Publication: 2026-06-10 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Campaign descriptions and observed impact

    Source record: openai-june-overview
  50. 50. Government project record · Loudoun County, Virginia

    Phase 2: Data Center Standards & Locations

    County record of the approved project plan and ongoing review. Listed future engagement and hearing dates are scheduled, not completed decisions.

    Publication: Ongoing project · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Project approval and scope; Public Engagement; Anticipated Timeline; meeting documents

    Source record: loudoun-phase-two
  51. 51. Government announcement · The White House

    White House unveils America's AI Action Plan

    Establishes the government's announcement and stated priorities, not delivery of every proposed action.

    Publication: 2025-07-23 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Announcement and policy pillars

    Source record: us-ai-action-plan
  52. 52. Public advocacy · Future of Life Institute

    Pause Giant AI Experiments: an open letter

    Evidence of a public advocacy position at that time. Signing a letter does not prove hidden coordination or establish the signer's current position.

    Publication: 2023-03-22 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Letter and public signatories

    Source record: fli-pause-letter
  53. 53. Public advocacy record · Future of Life Institute

    Pause letter: published prominent signatories

    Names and affiliations are historical to the letter; this is the same underlying advocacy record, not independent corroboration.

    Publication: March 2023 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Prominent signatory list

    Source record: fli-pause-signatories
  54. 54. Operational documentation · ECMWF

    AIFS Machine Learning data

    Documents operational forecasting and access. Avoided damages and improved decisions require separate outcome studies.

    Publication: Operational history and current data access · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Operational dates; model versions; use of output

    Source record: ecmwf-aifs
  55. 55. Original research · Nature · Abramson and colleagues

    Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3

    A biomolecular prediction study, not a trial of a treatment or a demonstration of human lifespan extension.

    Publication: 2024-05-08 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Abstract and Figure 1: evaluated biomolecular interaction types; study limitations

    Source record: alphafold-three
  56. 56. Energy analysis · International Energy Agency

    Energy and AI

    Separate observed data, projections, and modeled opportunities. Data-center totals include non-AI workloads.

    Publication: 2025 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Report overview and energy-sector applications

    Source record: iea-energy-ai
  57. 57. Research observatory · International Energy Agency

    Energy and AI Observatory

    A discovery resource. Each numerical chart requires its specific underlying data and assumptions.

    Publication: Continuously maintained resource · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Observatory overview

    Source record: iea-observatory
  58. 58. Survey topline and crosstabs · Annenberg Public Policy Center

    Annenberg AI survey: August 2026 topline and two-wave comparisons

    Primary published estimates, not respondent microdata. Both waves use this release’s stable party grouping. NET totals use unrounded components; panel overlap and subgroup uncertainty matter.

    Publication: 2026-08-10 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Pages 1–2: method/party definitions; pages 3–5: AI3/AI7; page 14: change estimates

    Source record: appc-ai-august-topline
  59. 59. Survey research release · Annenberg Public Policy Center

    Annenberg reports increasing opposition to local data centers

    Publisher’s interpretation of its own survey, not independent corroboration. The overall construction shift is reported as significant; broader AI outlook is described as stable.

    Publication: 2026-08-11 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Local data-center opposition; overall AI outlook; survey methods

    Source record: appc-data-centers-august
  60. 60. Survey research release · Annenberg Public Policy Center

    Annenberg spring 2026 AI survey release

    Used for spring fieldwork and methods. The August comparative topline supplies both waves’ charted values so versions and party definitions are not mixed.

    Publication: 2026-05-13 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Survey methods: field dates, sample, mode, party leaners, full-sample margin

    Source record: appc-ai-may
  61. 61. Survey panel methodology · SSRS / Annenberg Public Policy Center

    SSRS methods for Annenberg’s Institutions of Democracy panel

    The linked report describes panel recruitment and earlier fieldwork. Its older sample size/margin must not be substituted for the 2026 wave-specific figures.

    Publication: 2024 panel methods, linked by 2026 releases · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF pages 3–4: citizen population, probability-based recruitment, web/phone modes

    Source record: appc-panel-method
  62. 62. Survey research release · Gallup

    Gallup’s first local AI data-center construction poll

    A national snapshot, not a Gallup time trend. The article also discusses a different April follow-up; those responses are not used as March construction-opinion data.

    Publication: 2026-05-13 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: March field dates; first measurement; party differences in strong opposition

    Source record: gallup-data-centers-may
  63. 63. Survey topline and crosstabs · Gallup

    Gallup March 2026 data-center question and party crosstabs

    The full-sample margin is not a party subgroup margin. Strong opposition is not total opposition. The local-AI wording and response options differ from Annenberg’s instrument.

    Publication: Released May 13, 2026; fielded March 2–18 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF page 1: method; page 2: Q51; page 3: QN51 Party I.D. columns

    Source record: gallup-data-centers-topline
  64. 64. Energy analysis · International Energy Agency

    Energy and AI: executive summary

    2025 projections and modeled opportunities, not delivered outcomes. Transmission capacity (GW) and electricity consumption (TWh) are different quantities; data-center demand includes non-AI workloads.

    Publication: 2025 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Electricity demand for data centres more than doubles by 2030; AI could unlock major efficiency and operational gains for the energy sector

    Source record: iea-energy-ai-summary
  65. 65. Form 460 campaign disclosure · Monterey Park City Clerk · committee filing

    Yes on Measure NDC: semiannual campaign statement through June 30, 2026

    The year-to-date totals include nonmonetary amounts and are not just the May–June reporting period. This is one committee’s reported account, not all local opposition spending or proof of persuasion.

    Publication: Filed July 30, 2026 · period May 17–June 30, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF page 3, Summary Page, column B: calendar-year contributions $23,019.13, expenditures $20,083.49; cash payments $19,740.10. Pages 5–7: period payments.

    Source record: monterey-ndc-semiannual
  66. 66. Form 460 itemized payments · Monterey Park City Clerk · committee filing

    Yes on Measure NDC: second pre-election spending statement

    The scanned statement’s coverage dates control, rather than the inconsistent date embedded in its URL. The two payments are within the committee’s cumulative expenditures, not additional spending.

    Publication: Reporting period April 19–May 16, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: PDF pages 6–7, Schedule E: Mailing Pros, Inc., $3,712.38 and $3,711.42, code LIT; combined $7,423.80.

    Source record: monterey-ndc-preelection
  67. 67. Corporate policy proposal · Anthropic

    Anthropic’s Advanced AI Framework: proposed deployment authority

    The donor’s own proposal, not enacted law or proof that Public First Action paid to promote each recommendation. It proposes safeguards against overbroad authority as well as deployment restrictions.

    Publication: Framework referenced in July 21, 2026 funding announcement · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Advanced AI Framework: scope thresholds; requirements for frontier developers; enforcement and regulatory authority.

    Source record: anthropic-advanced-framework
  68. 68. Official ballot information · City of Monterey Park

    Monterey Park: June 2, 2026 special municipal election

    Establishes the ballot date and subject. Read alongside the city’s later confirmation of the adopted prohibition; this page alone is not a certified vote tally.

    Publication: 2026-06-02 election · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Election date and Measure NDC, Proposition to Prohibit Data Centers in Monterey Park.

    Source record: monterey-june-election
  69. 69. Research report · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / GridTracker

    Queued Up: 2026 edition

    Generation and storage requests through 2025, not data-center load requests. Queue volume is proposed capacity, not a construction forecast. Data licensed CC BY 4.0.

    Publication: 2026-05 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Abstract, scope and key highlights; linked project-level workbook

    Source record: lbl-queues-2026
  70. 70. Court opinion · Maine Supreme Judicial Court

    NECEC Transmission: referendum and vested-rights decision

    The court remanded for factual findings on vested rights; this was not itself the later jury verdict or an operating authorization.

    Publication: 2022-08-30 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Paragraphs 2, 20 and 51–53; disposition on pages 38–39

    Source record: necec-2022-opinion
  71. 71. Developer statement · Avangrid

    Avangrid reports the NECEC jury verdict

    A party’s account of the verdict, not an independent assessment of project benefits.

    Publication: 2023-04-20 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Statements following the Cumberland County jury decision

    Source record: necec-2023-verdict
  72. 72. Operational analysis · U.S. Energy Information Administration

    NECEC enters service; winter trade flows change

    Transfer capacity is not guaranteed hourly delivery. The report describes a dated operating period, not current dispatch.

    Publication: 2026-01-30 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening paragraphs; January 16 start and January 24–27 power-flow discussion

    Source record: necec-eia-operation
  73. 73. Supplier / operator announcement · Hitachi Energy, with Pattern Energy

    SunZia transmission enters operation

    The 3,000 MW figure is transmission capability, not wind-generation nameplate capacity or measured annual electricity delivery.

    Publication: 2026-06-19 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening bullets and first three paragraphs

    Source record: sunzia-hvdc-operation
  74. 74. Developer announcement · Transmission Developers / Hydro-Québec

    Champlain Hudson Power Express marks completion and operation

    The release distinguishes commercial operation from temporary restrictions on contracted energy sales. It does not establish their later resolution.

    Publication: 2026-06-16 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: 1,250 MW description; commercial-operation and temporary market-restriction paragraphs

    Source record: chpe-operation
  75. 75. Agency announcement · U.S. Department of Energy

    DOE terminates Grain Belt Express conditional commitment

    The terminated commitment was conditional, not a disbursed loan. This action alone does not cancel the transmission project.

    Publication: 2025-07-23 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening decision and financial-conditions paragraphs

    Source record: grain-belt-doe-withdrawal
  76. 76. Developer project page · Invenergy / Grain Belt Express

    Grain Belt Express project description

    The stated 5,000 MW is planned transmission capacity. Promotional savings and data-center equivalents are not treated as measured outcomes.

    Publication: Current page; checked September 7, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Powering Savings section and private-sector-led investment description

    Source record: grain-belt-project
  77. 77. Operator financial release · Constellation

    Crane restart: interconnection and fuel-license milestones

    Reports regulatory milestones and a 2027 restart target, not operating output or a guarantee of completion.

    Publication: 2026-08-06 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Recent Developments: Crane Clean Energy Center paragraph

    Source record: crane-2026-update
  78. 78. Operator announcement · Constellation

    Crane restart and Microsoft power-purchase agreement

    A power-purchase agreement is not a dedicated physical wire to a particular data center; restart remained conditional.

    Publication: 2024-09-20 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Restart scope, approximately 835 MW and 20-year Microsoft agreement

    Source record: crane-restart-plan
  79. 79. Regulatory docket · U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

    Kemmerer Unit 1 construction-permit milestones

    The milestone table distinguishes actual from target dates. A construction permit is not an operating license.

    Publication: Milestones through March 9, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Key Milestones: March 28, 2024 application and March 9, 2026 construction-permit decision

    Source record: natrium-permit-register
  80. 80. Regulator bulletin · U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

    NRC authorizes Kemmerer construction permit

    March 4 was authorization to issue; the docket records the March 9 decision. Thermal MW and electrical MW are not interchangeable.

    Publication: 2026-03-04 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Bulletin 26-028; 345 MWe, temporary 500 MWe output and separate operating-license requirement

    Source record: natrium-permit-scope
  81. 81. Operator announcement · Holtec International

    Palisades begins fuel loading ahead of restart

    Fuel loading is a restart milestone, not proof of commercial generation. The owner’s 805 MWe rating is retained as stated.

    Publication: 2026-08-30 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening paragraphs: fuel loading, Mode 6, refurbishment and 805 MWe design output

    Source record: palisades-fuel-loading
  82. 82. Utility announcement · Los Angeles Department of Water and Power

    LADWP reports using the new IPP generating units

    Hydrogen capability is not evidence that hydrogen was already in the fuel mix.

    Publication: 2025-12-04 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Paragraph describing IPP units running on natural gas and future hydrogen blending

    Source record: ipp-gas-operation
  83. 83. Utility project record · Los Angeles Department of Water and Power

    Intermountain Power Project: old and renewed units

    840 MW describes replacement generation, not an 840 MW net addition on top of the former 1,800 MW coal plant. Future fuel-mix figures are not current observations.

    Publication: Current page; checked September 7, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: IPP / IPP Renewed comparison table and current-fuel paragraph

    Source record: ipp-capacity
  84. 84. Operator announcement · Primergy / Quinbrook

    Gemini solar and storage reaches commercial operation

    Solar power, battery discharge power and stored energy are distinct quantities. Supplier and inflation challenges are the developer’s account.

    Publication: 2024-07-18 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening announcement; 690 MW solar and 380 MW / 1,400 MWh storage paragraphs

    Source record: gemini-operation
  85. 85. Utility announcement · Salt River Project / Plus Power

    Sierra Estrella battery joins SRP’s system

    The announcement covers two batteries. Only Sierra Estrella’s 250 MW is assigned to this record, not the combined 340 MW.

    Publication: 2024-06 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Sierra Estrella section: 250 MW facility; four-hour operating description

    Source record: sierra-estrella-operation
  86. 86. Utility project register · Salt River Project

    SRP solar and storage project register

    A nameplate rating and service year are not measured daily dispatch or proof of continuous availability.

    Publication: Current page; checked September 7, 2026 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Table: Sierra Estrella Energy Storage, 250 MW four-hour battery, 2024 commercial operation

    Source record: srp-battery-register
  87. 87. Operational announcement · ECMWF

    AIFS operational launch: forecast skill and energy use

    Reported gains depend on the forecast measure. The energy comparison concerns making a forecast, not training or the entire service lifecycle.

    Publication: 2025-02-25 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: Opening results; first operational model; 28 km versus 9 km grid-spacing discussion

    Source record: ecmwf-aifs-launch-results
  88. 88. Operational update · ECMWF

    AIFS v2 adds snow and wave forecasts

    The joint release also upgrades the physics-based IFS. IFS-only improvements must not be attributed to the AI model.

    Publication: 2026-05-12 · Checked: 2026-09-07
    Location in source: AIFS v2 paragraphs and snow-cover comparison

    Source record: ecmwf-aifs-v2-results
  89. 89. Local government status page · Prince William County Planning Office

    PW Digital Gateway: status following the July 29 order

    County implementation account; does not establish that every future appeal or application has ended.

    Publication: 2026-08-05 · Checked: 2026-09-09
    Location in source: Update: August 5, 2026; current zoning and Next Steps.

    Source record: digital-gateway-county-july-order
  90. 90. Government hearing notice · Minnesota Environmental Quality Board / Minnesota Public Utilities Commission

    EQB Monitor: North Rochester to Skyway transmission hearings

    A notice of scheduled hearings and draft-permit availability, not a completed hearing or permit decision. Separate from electric-service docket 26-170; check the official notice for changes.

    Publication: 2026-09-08 · Checked: 2026-09-09
    Location in source: North Rochester to Skyway High Voltage Transmission Line; docket 26-135, hearing dates and comment deadline.

    Source record: minnesota-skyway-hearing-notice